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KMID : 0895420030130010074
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Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Enviromental Hygiene
2003 Volume.13 No. 1 p.74 ~ p.81
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Characterization of petroleum-based dry cleaning solvents used in commercial dry cleaning shops for occupational exposure limit application
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정지연/Jeong, JeeYeon
이광용/이나루/전홍진/김성진/이인섭/김광종/Yi, GwangYong/Lee, Naroo/Jeon, HongJin/Kim, SungJin/Lee, InSeop/Kim, Kwang Jong
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Abstract
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Although in the U.S perchloroethylene is the most commonly used in commercial dry cleaning shops, petroleum based dry cleaning solvent is the most frequently used in Korea. The solvent is a mixture of hydrocarbons, straight or branched chain aprraffins, naphthenes, and aromatic hydrocarbons. Exposure assessment at the cleaning shop was mainly focused on highly toxic substances, especially benzene, toluene, xylene, ethylbenzene, and 2-butoxyethanol in the solvents. However the contents of the toxic substances in the solvents are very small. Not only the exposure assessment for highly toxic substances is important, but also exposure for the petroleum based solvent itself is more important in dry cleaning shop.
The specific aim of the present study was to identify the physical and the chemical properties of petroleum based dry cleaning solvents and to investigate the possivility of using occupational exposure standard of stoddard solvent for overall expostreassessment of petroleum based solvent.
Four different petroleum based solvent(solvent A～solvent D). commonly used in Korda were analyzed and investigated for identifying the phtsical and chemical properties of those solvents. Molecula species of those solvents were C8～C12, and predominant molecular species were C10～C11 for solvent A, solvent C, solvent D. C9～C10 for solvent B. The proportion of paraffin, aromatic, naphthenic,and olefin compounds in dry cleaning solvents was 45.5～54.5%, 16.0～21.4%, 7.9%～15.8%, and 0.8%～1.0%, respectively. The range of boiling point, specific grabity, flash point found in material safety and data sheet made by the solvent manufacturing company was 150 ～210˚C. 0.76～0.79, and 30～44˚C., respectively.
We conclude that petroleum based solvents used in dry cleaning shop is almost similar to stoddard solvent defined by ACGIH and NIOSH, and the occupational exposure standard of stoddrd solvent could be used in total exposure assessment of those solvents.
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